Shutter actuating mechanism



. Y17, 1946. J. BoLsEY SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM Filed Jan. 27, 1944 5sheets-sheet 1 .T il

Dec. 1.7, 1946. J. BoLsi-:Y

SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANI'SM 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed `Jan. 27, 1944 Dec.17, 1946.

SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM Filed Jan. 27, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 3INVENTOR: JACQUES BOLSEY J. BoLsEY 2,412,559

Dec. y17, 1946. .1. BoLsEY SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM Filed Jan. 27,1944 5 sheets-sheet 5 INVENTOR. y Zw @Mv Patented Dee. 17, 194s UNITEDs'rirres- PATENT omer.

l, SHUTTER ACTUATING MECHANISM Jacques Bolsey, New York, N. Y.

Application January 27, 1944, Serial No. 519,902

14 claims. l

My present invention relates to shutter actuating mechanisms and moreparticularly to. mechanisms for operating so called slidingreciprocating shutters.

lit is an object of my present invention to provide a shutter mechanismwhich is extremely simple in construction, easy to operate and reliable1n use.

It is a further object of my present invention to provide e, shuttermechanism which is controlled by one single setting knob.

It is still a further object of my present invention to provide ashutter mechanism which is very compact and can be removed as a singleunit from the camera body for examination and repairs, if necessary.

With the above objects in view, my present invention mainly consists ofa shutter actuating mechanism comprising a manually operated setingmember for setting the various longer and shorter exposure times, springmeans for moving the shutter blade past the exposure aperture of thecamera, means controlled by the setting member for varying the tensionof the above-mentioned spring means so as to increase the spring tensionwhen the exposure time has to be shortened, and delayed action means forreducing, at least during the longer exposure times, the'speed of theshutter blade while the same is moved by the spring means past theexposure aperture. The spring members used for the purposes of thepresent invention is preferably a'relatively long coiled spring and thedelayed action means preferably comprise a gear member and braking meansengaging the teeth of this gear member.

As set forth above, preferably the length of the shorter exposure timesis controlled exclusively by the tension of this coiled spring while thelength of the longer exposure times is controlled by the number of teethengaging the braking means delaying turning of the delaying gearmember.l Thus, the length of the shorter exposure times is varied by thesetting member, e. g. setting knob, by variation of the/tension` of thecoiled spring while the length of the longer exposure times is varied bychange of the number of teeth of the toothed gear member engaging thebraking means. In accordance with the present invention al1 thesevariations are carried out exclusively by turning of a single settingknob.

My present invention'furthermore comprises the provision of means forenabling. bulb and time exposures' which are controlled by the sameletting knob. For this purpose, the shutter blade actuating mechanismalso comprises means for moving the shutter blade past the exposureaperture of the camera against action of the coiled shutter springmentioned above, means for holding this shutter blade in its wound-upposition and to release the same for operative movement past theexposure aperture, and movable blocking means adapted to be moved intothe path of the shutter blade so as to hold the .same in operativeposition with the shutter aperture in register with the exposureaperture of thecamerag'in accordance with' my present invention, theseblocking means are movably, preferably turnably, secured tothe camerabody; furthermore, 'i provide means operatively,v connecting the settmgmember described above with this movable supprting member in such amanner as to enable movement of the blocking means movably carried bythis supporting member into such a position as to be adapted to be movedby the releasing means mentioned above into the path of the shutterblade when the same is released by movement of these releasing means.Thus, movement of the releasing means simultaneously releases theshutter blade for operative exposing movement and moves the blockingmeans into the path of this shutter blade so that the shutter blade isheld in exposing position with the shutter aperture superimposed uponthe exposure aperture ci the camera; when said releasing means then areallowed to return to their initial'pcsition, the blocking means move outof the path of the shutter blade and the same moves on, closing theexposure aperture. Thus, by regulating the length of time of oration ofthe releasing means, it is possible to regulate the length of bulbexposures. Time exposures are also obtained in similar` manner whichwill be described below in detail.

The novel features which I consider as characteristic for myinventionare set forth in particular in the appended claims. Theinvention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method ofoperation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, willbe best understood from the following description oi' specificembodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, inwhich:

Figure 1 is a rear view of the entire shutter mechanism, with theshutter blade and obturation blade shown in dotted lines; y

Figure 2 is a cross section through the shutter mechanism shown inFigure 1, along line 2--2 of Figure l;

Figure 3 is a cross section through the same shutter mechanism, alongline 3-3 of Figure l;

Figure 4 is a cross section ,through the same shutter mechanism, alongline d-i of Fig. 1;

Figure 5 is a. bottom viewpartly in section of l the shutter mechanismshown in Figure 1;

Figure 6 is a top view of the same shutter mechanism;

Fig. 7 is a vertical section through the shutter mechanism, along linel-l of Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 is a partial vertical section through the shutter mechanism,along line 8-8 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 9is a horizontal section along line 9--9 ot Fig. 2.

The entire shutter mechanism is mounted into a, front compartment of thecamera which is formed by the compartment front wall ill, the top wallII and the bottom wall i2; both walls il and l2 are secured to frontwall lll. These three walls carry the entire shutter actuating mechanismand simultaneously form the front part of the camera, not shown in thedrawings. They are secured to the camera body by screws entering screwholes i3, lll, l5 and i6 in the top `wall Il and bottom wall i2,respectively, and can be removed together with the shutter mechanism asa separate unit, whenever required.

The main part of the entire shutter mechanism is the shutter blade Ilguided in grooves i8 and i9 provided in the top and .bottom walls il andi2, respectively. This shutter blade Il is provided with a shutteraperture 2U shown in Figure 1 in dotted lines. The guiding grooves i8and I9 extend all over the length of top and bottom walls ll and i2thereby enabling sliding or the shutter blade in direction of arrow 33along the entire length of these walls from one side of the exposureaperture 2l of the camera to the other side thereof and back.

A second obturation shutter 22 isalso provided, closing the shutterlaperture during movement of the shutter blade il against direction ofarrow 63 past the exposure aperture'Z I, while this spring isconsiderable. Thus, it is possible to vary the tension of spring bymeans of set-4 ting knob within such limits as to obtain exposure timesvarying between 1/iuo and 1/moo of a second. For obtaining longerexposure times, i. e. in order to decrease the shutter speed, I have toprovide separate delayed action means combined with the coiled spring25.

These delayed action means comprise mainly a toothed gear 4segment 33turnably pivoted to front wall I by means of pivot 34 as clearly shownin Figure 2. The torsional spring is wound upon the sleeve vmember 36which latter is attached to the toothed gear segment 33; this spring 35is secured at its one end to this sleeve member 3S and at its other endat 3l to the front wall it, urging segment 33 to turn about pivot 3ft indirection of arrow 38. Thus, whenever segment 33 is turned againstdirection of arrow 38 shutter blade il is slid into the so-calledinitial.

wound-up position ready for exposure. The obturation shutter 22 is alsoprovided with an aperture 23 corresponding in size to the exposureaperture 2'! and designated in Figure 1 with the same outline as thelatter.

It should be mentioned that front wall itl is also provided With anaperture 2li in front of exposure aperture 2i so as to enable light toreach the lens within the camera body through the superimposed apertures2i and 23 when shutter blade ll and obturation shutter 22 are in opera-'tive position.

The main means for moving the shutter blade il during exposure is thecoiled spring 25 secured at its one end to pin 25 secured to the shutterblade il as shown 4in Figures 1 and 4 and secured at its other end bypin 2l to pulley 23 connected by screw 29 with setting knob 33, whichlatter is rotatably journalled-in front wall il). Thus, by turning thesetting knob 30 the length of the coiled spring 25 is varied and itstension decreased or increased according to the direction of turning ofknob 3U. Since during elongation of spring 25 part of the same is woundup on pulley 28, the active length of this spring is simultaneouslydecreased, thereby additionally increasing the spring tension. In orderto increase k the length of spring 25, the same is guided over and thenreleased, it automatically returns into its initial position shown inFigure l.

In order to adjust the length of exposure times it is necessary toregulate this initial position of gear segment 33. This is done byproviding gn the rear face of segment 33 a semi-circular projection39yengaging pin d0 secured to lever di as shown in Figures l and 2. Thislever lll is turnably secured to front wall lll by means of pivot 32urged in direction of arrow i5 by means of torsional spring i3wound uponsleeve ed, and turned about pivot l2 by pin 56 engaging edge -l of thislever against direction of arrow d5,

This turning movement of pin 46 will result in pressurev of pin d6against edge lll of lever arm-di, turning the same against direction ofarrow 65. This movement of lever arm lli will result in pressure of Vpinlo against projection 39 on segment 33, turning this segment about pivot33 against direction of arrow 38. Thus, it is possible to turn thetoothed gear segment 33 about its pivot 3d against direction of arrow 33by turning knob 3o and to vary the so-called initial position of thistoothed gear segment. The thus obtained initial -position of the toothedgear segment will be the one into which it will always tend to return byaction of spring 35 if turned against direction of arrow 38. It isevident that when pin 46 is turned by setting knob 30 in such adirection as to decrease its pressure against lever arm lli, the samewill be turned by the torsional spring 43 together with pin Il securedto it in direction of arrow 55, thus following this pin and enabling thetoothed gear segment 33 to turn in direction of arrow 38.

A further element of the delaying action means used in the mechanism isa pawl 50 engaging with its projections 5i and 52 the teeth 53 of thetoothed gear segment 33 in the way shown in Figure 1. This pawl 53 isfreely turnably secured to pivot 42 by pin 54. It is evident that a pawlof this type will brake the speed of turning'of the toothed gear segment33 when the same'is turning about its pivot 33 in either direction.

In order to obtain influence of the above described delayed action meanson the movement of the shutter blade, I provide on the shutter blade ilthe double-armed operating lever 55 Figure i in dotted lines.

shown in Figures 1 and 3. This operating lever is freely turnablypivoted to the shutter blade I1 by means of pivot 55 and urged by leafspring 51 to tum in direction' oi' arrow 58. Such turning movement ofthe double-armed lever 55 is limited by pivot 58 of leaf spring 51against which the lever arm 5|! of the double-armed lever 55 is pressedrby the leaf spring 51. Thus, the other lever arm 8| of the double-armedlever 55 cannot move further in direction of arrow 58 than shown inFigure 1 but it can turn about pivot 55 against direction of arrow 53 ifforced to do so.

If released after such turning'movementV from its initial into its finalposition. Thus, this segment and the pawl connected with it will resultin extension of the exposure time, making longer exposures possible.

against direction of arrow 58, this lever arm 8| vf returns into itsinitial position, shown in Figure by action of leaf spring 51.

'The last element necessary to obtain the required cio-operation betweenthis operating double-armed lever on shutter-blade I1 and the toothedgear member-33 is a projection 62 on this gear segment arranged inA sucha manner as to be in the path of lever arm 5i .of the doublearmedlever55 when the shutter blade i1 carrying lever 55 is moving indirection ci arrow 63 during exposure.

The above described means for setting theexposure time operate asfollows:

l. When short exposure times are required, the setting knob te is turnedsoasto turn by means of pin t@ the lever di against direction of arrowinto such a position that this lever di on its part turns by means ofpin d@ and projection the toothed gearsegment against direction of'arrow into the end position shown in this end position, projection 552on gear member is outside of the path of lever di and thus sliding ofthe shutter blade i? is not infduenced by the gear segment forming partof the delayed action means. After this end position oi the toothed gear'segment is reached, tension of the coiled spring is adjusted by turningsetting knob Sii as required, i. e. the tension of spring 25 isincreased if very short and decreased if so called short exposure timesare desired. 'in this way, exposure times between 1/100 and Aoco of asecond be obtained 2. if ionger exposure tiinesare required,l thesetting knob do is :moved so that the toothed gear segment 33 is turnedin directionof arrow 33, thereby moving projection t2 secured to segmentinto the path of lever arm @i of the operating double-armed lever 55secured to shutbiade i?.

Now, it is evident that if for instance segment is in its position shownin Figure l in full lines, the iever arm di which is secured to shutterblade il, as explained above, will strike the pro-- jection during itsoperative movement in direction of arrow b3. Since shutter blade il ismoving in direction of arrow 53 by action of coiled spring 25 which issubstantially stronger than the torsional spring 35 turning( segment 33in direction of arrow 38, the lever arm 6l will push,

by action of spring 25, the projection S2 against action of spring 35 indirection of arrow 53, thereby turning gear segment 33 against direc-Ation ci arrow 38.

very short distance. Since the shutter opening' Everybody skilled inthis art will easily understand that by reducing the number of thoseteeth of segment 33 which engage pawl 50 during its movement frominitial into final position it is possible to vary the period of timeduring which movement of shutter blade l1 is delayed, i. e. the timeduring which shutter aperture 20 is in front of exposure aperture 2l.Thus, it is possible to vary the length of the longer exposure times byvarying the initial position of gear segment 33. This will result invariation of the =number of gear teeth 53 engaged by pawl 5@ duringturning of gear segment 33 from the thus obtained different initialpositions into its end position.

Such adjustment of the initial position of gear segment 33-oan easily beattained by the adjusting means described above, namely by means of pin46, lever di, pin d, and projection 39: Thus,` by turning setting knob3d in an appropriate way, it is possible to turn pin it about pivot 29as explained above, thus pressing this Y pin against the edge 4l oflever lli, thereby pushing pin di] against projection 35 and turningsegment 33 to which this projection is secured against direction ofarrow 38. Since it is possible to turn pin d6 by means of setting knob3d in such a manner as to obtain any desired position of gear segment 33between the positions shown in full lines and that shown in dottedlines, it is lalso possible to adjust, by means or this setting knob,the longer exposure times of shutter blade i1 within wide limits, i. e.within the very long exposure time obtained by the delaying movement ofsegment 33 from its initial position shown in full lines into its endposition shown in dotted lines and the practically undelayed exposuretime or the shutter obtained if segment 33 is turned into an initialposition near its end position, shown in Figure 1 in dotted linesalready before start of the movement of the shutter.

I wish to mention that for arming the shutter spring, i. e. for movingthe shutter blade i1 into its initial position shown in Figure l indotted lines, I use-knob 65 and connecting member 'M passing throughslot 55 in front wall il! and slot 51 in the shutter blade il. If thisknob is moved in direction of arrow 58 as shown in Figure 5, the shutterblade il is moved into its initial position shown in Figure 1 stressingthereby spring 25 and increasing its tension. In this initial position,the shutter blade I1 isv held by projection 59 on releasing member l0.`This pin B9 is adapted to engage pin 12 secured to shutter blade I1,holding the same in its initial position.

I wish also to mention that the obturation shutter 22 is arrangedparallel to 'shutter blade i1 and firmly connected by means of screw 13vto connecting member 14 which latter, as ex- I8 and pulling it backinto its initial position at the left side of theexposure aperture 2| asshown in Figure 1.

In order to obtain also bulb and time exposures, i. e. in order to makeit possible to expose for half .a second or longer, I have to provideadditionalv means to prevent movement of the shutter blade while theshutter aperture is in front of the exposure aperture of the camera.

For this purpose I use lever 8U which is turnably pivoted .to the topwall by means of pivot 8| in the way shown in Figures 1 and 3. 'Ihe tip98 of lever arm 82 of this lever 88 is permanently pressed against theperipheral face 81| of the cam-like member i8 by means of springs 83 and83. This cam-like member 48 is provided with a recess 85 for thepurposes described below. In the position shownin Figure l, tip 98 oflever arm 82 of the lever 80 presses against the annular'portion 86 ofthe peripheral face 88 of the cam-like member 48 and is thus held bythis member 48 in a position enabling regulation of the length ofexposure time by the means described above in detail.

Lever 88 is provided besides lever arm 82 also with lever arm 81,carrying at its end freely turnably mounted the blocking member 88 whichis secured to it by means of pivot 89, as shown in Figure l. Thisblocking member 88 is provided with two catch projections 90 and 9|shaped and arranged as shown and also provided with slot 92, engagingpin 93 arranged on releasing member 18.

It is evident that by turning lever 8l) about its pivoting point 8| indirection of arrow 9d, it is possible to lift pivot 89 and blockingmember 88 held by it. Such movement of pivot 89 in direction of arrow 95will result also in turning of blocking member 88 about this pivot 89vin direction Aof arrow 98: this turning movement is caused by pin 93which is stationary and sliding in slot 92 forces blocking member 88 toturn about pivot 89. This combined turning and raising of the blockingmember 88 will also result in a similar movement of the catchprojections 98 and 9|, so that the same will move in direction of arrow95.

The extent of such movement of the catch projections 98 and 9| willdepend on the extent of turning of lever 88 about pivot 8|: if thislever is turned only slightly, it is Possible to turn blocking member 88in such a way that catch projection 9| is in the path of pin 'l2 on theshutter blade il if the releasing member 'l0 is pushed downward. if sucheiect is required, the blocking member 88 should not be turned so farthat catch projection 9| is in the path of projection 'l2 on shutterblade Il already before downward movement of the releasing member 79. Ifthis were the case, pushing down of the releasing member 19 duringreleasing of shutter blade would still further -lift catch projection 9|by turning blocking member 88 about pivot 89 and thus move this catchprojection 9| out of and over the path of projection l2 on shutter bladeThus, it is necessary for the purposes of the lpresent invention to turnblocking member 88y into a position in which catch projection 9| isslightly below the level of projection l2 on shutter blade Il if it isdesired that during release of this shutter blade this projection 9| isin the path of the projection 'l2 on the shutter blade Il.

Similarly, it is possible to lift also catch pro- I wish to stress thati 8 jection 98 into the .path of projection l2 on shutter blade I?.However, also inthis case it is necessary to limit movement of the pivot89 of blocking member 88 'in such a manner that the catch projection 98is slightly below the level 'of projection. 'l2 on shutter blade Il.;thus, if the shutter blade is released by pushing down the releasingmember 18, the catch projection 98 is turned exactly into the path ofthe projection '|2 on the shutter blade The above described means forobtaining bulb and time exposures of desired length are operated asfollows:

. 1. If lt isrequired to keep the exposure aperture open while thereleasing member 'i8 1s pressed downward, i. e. to make a bulb exposure,it is necessary to turn lever 88 in such a manner that catch projection9| is slightly under the path of projection 12 on shutterA blade l1 asexplained above. This position of lever 88 can be obtained by suitableadjustment of the position of the cam-like member 48 by means of thesetting member 30 to which it is secured.

' If the setting member is turned in clockwise direction, such a turningmovement will cause turning of the cam-like member 88 about its axis inthe same direction, and the same will face the tip 98 of lever arm 82with its recessed portion 85. This will result in .turning of lever 8|)about its pivoting point 8| by action of spring 83. Now, if settingmember 30 is adjusted in such a manner that tip 98 of lever arm 82contacts the middle portion 99 of the receding peripheral face 84 of thecam-like member' 4S, the lever arm ,80 will be in such a position thatblocking member 88 is somewhat lifted with catch Iprojection 9| slightlyunder the path of projection 'il on shutter blade Il. l

If, after adjusting the blocking member 89' in this way, shutter bladeil is moved into its initial position shown in Figure l and thenreleased by pushing down the releasing member l0, projection'72 on theshutter blade Il will strike against Ithe catch projection 98 which hasbeen lifted by the pushing down movement of releasing member 'lil intothe path of projection 12. Thus, this catch projection 9| will blockfurther movement of projection l2 on shutter blade i1 and hold thelatterin operative position with its shutter aperture 2@ in front of theexposure aperture 2| of the camera. After the shutter has been held inthis operative position for the required length of shutter blade il; thethus released shutter blade il' will continue in its sliding movementand close the exposure aperture 2| of the camera.

2. If it is required to make a time exposure, i. e. if it is desired toopen the exposure aperture 2| by pushing down the releasing member 'I8andy to close the exposure aperture 2| only when the releasing lever 10is pushed down a second time,

f it is necessary to turn setting member 30 in such a position that thecam-like member 48 contacts tip 98 of lever arm 82 with the deepest part|8| of recess 85, thereby enabling lever arm 88 to turn by action ofspring 83 still further in direction of arrow 98, causing furtherlifting of pivot 89 in direction of arrow 95. In this way, it ispossible ananas to move blocking member 88 into such a position thatwhen releasing member is pushed downward, this blocking member 88 isturned about pivot 89 into such a position that projection 12 on shutterblade I1 strikes during its movement in direction of arrow 63 againstcatch projection 90 on this blocking member, preventing further movementof the shutter blade.

When the releasing member 10 is allowed lto return into its initialposition, blocking member 88 will turn, as explained above, in directionof arrow 95 and projection 12 on shutter blade I1 will become disengagedfrom catch projection 90 and the shutter blade I1 continue in itsoperative sliding movement in direction of arrow 63. However, the twocatch projections 90 and 9| are arranged relative to each other in sucha manner .that when catch projection 90 returns by release of releasingmember 10 into its initial position, catch projection 9| turns downwardinto the path of projection 12 on shutter blade I1, thus preventingfurther movement of the same and keeping the exposure aperture open, asexplained above. t

Thus, it is possible .to move blocking member 88 into such ,a positionthat by pushing down andreleasing of releasing member 10, the shutterblade I1 is moved into operative position and held in that position bycatch projection 9|. In order to release the shutter blade I1 after therequired length of exposure time, it is only necessary to push down thereleasing member 10 again, thereby moving catch projection'I out of thepath of projection 12 and enabling shutter blade I1 to continue itsoperative movement under action of shutter spring 25.

The above described arrangement makes it possible to obtain the mostdifferent shutter speeds and exposure times in aniextremely simple wayby means of a mechanism containing very few parts (3o-operating witheach other in `a very reliable manner.

It is evident that the above described shutter mechanism might becombined with a counting mechanism for counting theY exposures in a wayknown to everybody skilled in the art, for instance by arranging such acounting mechanism in the path of the shutter blade I1 or another partof the mechanism carrying out a predetermined movement during each toand fro movement of the shutter blade. A counting mechanism of this typeis shown in the drawings. This counting mechanism consists of a ratchetwheel Iilii arranged so as to turn each time the shutter is moved. Withthis ratchet wheel IUS a shaft IUS is connected which carries on itsother end the indicating dial I01. In order to prevent turning ofratchet wheel |05 in undesired direction, I

provide the pawl member I II) which is pivoted by means of pivot III tothe housing-and engages the teeth of the ratchet wheel |05 as shown.Since the film is transported at the same time when the shutter isarmed, each shutter movement is a clear indication for the number offilm exposures.. I wish to stress that this counting mechanism does notform part of the invention claimed by me in the appended claims.

It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or twoor more together, may also iind a useful application in other types ofshutter mechanisms differing from the types described above.

While I have illustrated and described the invention as embodied inso-called sliding reciprocating shutter mechanisms, I do not intend tobe 10 limited to the details shown, since various modiilcations andstructural changes may be made without departing in any way from thespirit of my invention.

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist ofmy invention that others can by applying current knowledge readily adaptit for various applications without omitting features that, from thestandpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics ofthe generic or specific aspects of this invention and, therefore, suchadaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within themeaning and range of equivalence of the following claims.

What I claim as new and desire to-secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism, a shutter blade having ashutter aperture, a manually turnable setting knob for setting thevarious longer and shorter exposure times for said shutter blade, aturnable winding drum .secured coaxially to said setting knob andoperated by the same, a coiled spring for moving said shutter blade pastthe`exposure aperture of a camera, said coiled spring being attached atits one end to said shutter blade and at its other end to said windingdrum and wound up partly upon the same-when said winding member isturnedby said setting knob in such a manner as to stretch said coiled springand .increase the tension of the same when said exposure time has to besh0rtened, delayed action means for reducing during said longer exposuretimes the speed of said shutter blade while the vsame is moved by saidcoiled spring past said exposure aperture, means for varying thedelaying action of said delayed action means as necessary for obtainingthe required longer exposure time, and means for cooperativelyconnecting said means for varying the delaying action with said settingknob so as to enable operation of said varying means and said delayedaction means influenced by the latter in such a manner as to obtainduring said longer exposure times the required speed reducing action ofsaid delayed action means.

2. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism of the type described, ashutter blade having a shutter aperture, a manually operable settingmember for setting the various longer and shorter exposure times forsaid shutter blade, a turnable winding member operated at least rduringsetting of said various shorter` exposure periods by said settingmember, a coiled spring for moving said shutter blade past the exposureaperture oi a camera, said coiled spring being attached at its i one endto said shutter blade and at its other end -to said winding member andwound up partly upon the same vwhen said winding member is turned bysaid setting member in such a manner as to stretch said coiled spring,said winding member thus increasing the tension of said coiled spring atleast during said various shorter exposuretimes by stretching the samewhen said exposure time has to be shcrtenedyand delayed action means forreducing the speed of said shutter blade while the shutter aperture insaid shutter blade is in register with said exposure aperture oi saidcamera, said delayed action means comprising a turnable toothed member,a braking mechanism adapted to engage the teeth of said toothed memberand to limit the speed of turning of the latter, means operativelyconnecting said toothed member with said shutter blade while the same ismoved by said coiled spring past said exposure aperture of said cameraand said shutter aperture 11 in said shutter blade is in register withsaid exposure aperture, and means operated by said setting member forturning said toothed member during setting of said various longer.exposure times and thereby varying the number of teeth of said toothedmember engaging during turning of the same said braking mechanism andvarying also simultaneously the time of speed limitation of said toothedmember, thus enabling variation of the length of time of speed reductionof said toothed member and of said shutter blade operatively connectedwith said toothed member during said longer exposure times of saidshutter blade.

3. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism, a shutter blade having ashutter aperture, a manually turnable setting Aknob for setting thevarious longer and shorter exposure times for said shutter blade, aturnable winding drum mounted coaxially with said setting knob and'operated at least during setting of said various shorter exposure timesby the same. a coiled spring for moving said shutter -blade past theexposure aperture of a camera, lsaid coiled spring being attached at itsone end to said shutter blade and at its other end to said winding drumand wound up partly upon the same when said winding member is turned bysaid setting knob in such a manner as to stretch said coiled spring andincrease the tension of the same When said exposure time has to beshortened during said various shorter exposure times, and delayed actionmeans forv reducing the speed of said shutter blade while during saidlonger exposure times the shutter aperture on said shutter blade is inregister with said exposure aperture of said camera, said delayed actionmeans comprising a turnable toothed member, al braking mechanism adaptedto engagethe teeth of said toothed member and to limit the speed ofturning of the latter, means operatively connecting said toothed memberwith said shutter blade while the same is moved by said coiled springpast said exposure aperture of said camera and said shutter aperture insaid shutter blade is in register with said exposure aperture, and meansoperatively connected with said turnable setting knob for turning duringsetting of said longer exposure times of said shutter blade said toothedmember and thereby varying the number of teeth of said toothed memberengaging during turning of the same said braking mechanism and varyingalso simultaneously the time of speed limitation of said toothed member,thus enabling variation of the length of time of speed reduction of saidtoothed member and of said shutter blade operatively connected with laxially with said setting knob and operated at' least during setting ofsaid various shorter exposure times by the same, a coiled spring formoving said shutter blade past the exposure aperture of a camera, saidcoiled spring being attached at its one end to said shutter blade and atits other end to said winding drum and wound up partly upon the samewhen said winding member is turned by said setting knob in such a manneras to stretch said coiled spring and increase the tension of the samewhen said exposure time has to be shortened during said various shorterexposure times, and delayed action means l for reducing the speed ofsaid shutter blade while during said longer exposure times thev shutteraperture on said shutter blade is in register with said exposureaperture of said camera, said delayed action means comprising a turnabletoothed member, a supporting member supporting said 4toothed memberfreely turnably between two end 'of the latter, means operativelyconnecting said toothed member with said shutter blade While the same ismoved by said shutter blade moving means past Said exposure aperture ofsaid camera and said shutter aperture in said shutter blade is inregister with said exposure aperture of said camera, and meansoperatively connected with said turnable setting knob for turning duringsetting of said longer` exposure times of said shutter blade saidsupporting member and said` toothed member carried by the same andthereby varying the number of .teeth of said toothed member engagingduring turning of the same said braking mechanism and varying alsosimultaneously the time of speed limitation of said toothed member, thusenabling variation of the length of time of speed reduction of saidtoothed member and of said shutter blade operatively connected with saidtoothed member during said longer exposure times of said shutter blade.

5. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism of the type described, ashutter blade, a manually operable setting member for setting thevarious longer and shorter exposure periods and the socalled timeexposure for said shutter blade, a turnable winding member operated atleast during setting of said various shorter exposure periods byl saidsetting member, a coiled spring for moving said shutter blade past theexposure aperture of a camera, said coiled spring being attached at itsone end to said shutter blade and at its other end to said windingmember and wound up partly upon the same when said Winding member isturnedby said setting member in such a manner as to stretch said coiledspring at least during said various shorter exposure periodsbystretching the same when said exposure period has to be shortened,delayed action means for reducing the speed of said shutter blade whilethe shutter aperturevin said shutter blade is in register with saidexposure aperture of said camera, said delayed action means comprising aturnable toothed member, a braking mechanism adapted to engage the teethof said toothed member and to limit the speed of turning of the latter,means operatively connecting said toothed member with said shutter bladewhile the same is moved by said coiled spring past said exposureaperture of said camera and said shutter aperture in said shutter bladeis in register with said exposure aperture,` and means operated by saidsetting member for turning 'said toothed member during setting of saidvarious longer exposure periods and thereby varying the number of teethof said toothed member engaging during turning of the same said brakingmechanism and-varying also simultaneously the time of speed limitationof said toothed member, thus enabling variation of the length of time ofspeed reduction of said toothed member and of said shutter bladeoperatively connected with said toothed member during said variouslonger exposure periods of said shutter blade, movable 13 blocking meansadapted to be moved into the path of said shutter blade so as to holdthe same in operative position with said shutter aperture in registerwith said exposure aperture of said camera, and means operativelyconnecting said setting member with said movable blocking means so thatsaid setting member moves said movable blocking means into operativeposition in the path Vof saidshutter blade when said setting member isin time exposure setting position.

6. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism of the type described, ashutter blade, a manually operable setting member for setting thevarious longer and shorter exposure periods and the socalled timeexposure for said shutter blade, a turnable winding member operated atleast during setting of said various shorter exposure periods by saidsetting member, a coiled spring for moving said shutter blade past theexposure aperture of a camera, said coiled spring being attached at itsone end to said shutter blade and at its other. end to said windingmember and wound up partly upon the same when said winding member isturned by said setting member in such a manner as to stretch said coiledspring at least during said various shorter exposure periods bystretching the same when said exposure period has to be shortened,delayed action means for reducing the speed of said shutter blade whilethe shutter aperture in said shutter blade is in register with saidexposure aperture of said camera, said delayed action means comprising aturnable toothed member, a braking mechanism adapted to engage the teethof said toothed member and to limit the speed of turning of the latter,means operatively connecting said toothed member with said shutter bladewhile the same is moved by said coiled spring past said exposureaperture of said camera and said shutter aperture in said shutter bladeis in register with said exposure aperture, and means operated by saidsetting member for turning -said toothed member during setting of saidvarious longer exposure periods and thereby varying the number oi' teethof said toothed member engaging during turning of the same said brakingmechanism and varying also simultaneously the time of speed limitationof said toothed member, thus .enabling variation of the length of timeof speed reduction of said toothed member and of said shutter bladeoperatively connected with said toothed member during said variouslonger exposure periods of said shutter blade, movable blocking meansadapted to be moved into the path of said shutter blade so as to holdthe same in operative position with said shutter aperture in registerwith said exposurevaperture of said camera, means operatively connectingsaid setting member with said movable blocking means so that saidsetting member moves said movable blocking means into operative positionin the path of said `shutter blade when said setting memberI is in timeexposure setting position, means for releasing said shutter blade foroperative exposing movement past said exposure aperture of said camera,and means operatively connected with said releasing means for movingsaidblocking means when the same have been moved by said setting member intooperative position in the said path of said shutter blade out of thispath of said shutter blade after the latter has been held by saidblocking means for the desired length of exposure' 14 shutter blade, amanually turnable-setting knob for setting the various longer andshorter exposure periods and the so-called time exposure for saidshutter blade, a turnable winding drum mounted co-axially with saidsetting knob and operated at least during setting of said variousshorter exposure periods by the same, a coiled spring for moving saidshutter blade past the exposure aperture of a camera, said coiled springbeing attached at its one end to said shutter blade and at its other endto said winding drum and wound up partly upon the same when said windingmember is turned by said setting knob in such a manner as to stretchsaid coiled spring and increase the tension of the same when saidexposure period has to be shortened during said various shorter exposureperiods, delayed action means for reducing the speed of said shutterblade while during said longer exposure periods the shutter aperture onsaid shutter blade is in register with said exposure aperture of saidcamera, said delayed action means comprising a turnable toothed member,a braking mechanism adapted to engage the teeth of said toothed memberand, to limit the speed of turning of the latter, means operativelyconnecting said toothed member with said shutter blade while the same ismoved by said coiled spring past said exposure-aperture of said cameraand said shutter aperture in said shutter blade is in register with saidexposure aperture, and means operatively connected with said turnablesetting knob for turning during setting loi? said 'longer exposureperiods of said shutter blade said toothed member and thereby varyingthe number of teeth of said toothed member engaging during turning ofthe same said braking mechanism and varying also simultaneously the timeof speed limitation of said toothed member, thus enabling variation ofthe length of time of speed reduction of said toothed member and of saidshutter blade operatively connected with said toothed member during saidlonger exposure periods of said shutter blade, movable blocking meansadapted to 'be moved into the path of said shutter blade so as to holdthe same in operative position with said shutter aperture in registerwith said exposure aperture of said camera, and means operativelyconnecting said setting knob with said movable blocking means so thatsaid setting knob moves said movable blocking means into operativeposition in the path of Asaid shutter blade when said setting knob is intime exposure setting position.

8. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism, a shutter blade, a manuallyturnable setting knob for setting the various longer and shorterexposurevperiods and the so-called time exposure for said shutter blade,a turnable winding drum mountedco-axially with said setting knob andoperated at least during setting of said various shorter exposureperiods `by the same, a coiled spring for moving said shutter blade pastthe` and increase the tension of the same when said blade while duringsaid longer exposure periods' the shutter aperture on said shutter bladeis in register with said exposure aperture of said I camera, saiddelayed action means comprising a turnable toothed member, a brakingmechanism adapted to engage the teeth of said toothed member and tolimit the speed of turning of the latter,

thereby varying the number of teeth of said toothed member engagingduring turning of the same said braking mechanism and varying alsosimultaneously the time of speed limitation of said toothed member, thusenabling variation of "the length of time of speed reduction of saidtoothed member and of.said shutter blade operatively connected with saidtoothed member during said longer exposure periods of vsaid shutterblade, movable blocking means adapted to be moved into the path of saidshutter blade so as to hold the same in operative position with saidshutter aperture in register with said exposure aperture of said camera,means operatively connecting said setting knob with said movableblocking means so that said setting knob moves said movable blockingmeans into operative position in thepath of said shutter blade when saidsetting knob is in time exposure setting position, means for releasingsaid shutter blade for operative exposing movement past said exposureaperture of said camera, and means operatively con. nected with saidreleasing means for moving said blocking means when the same have beenmoved by said setting knob into operative position in the said path ofsaid shutter blade out of this path of said shutter blade after thelatter has been held by said blocking means for the desired length ofexposure time in operative position. with said shutter aperture inregister 'with said exposure aperture.

9. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism, a shutter blade, a manuallyturnable setting knob for setting the various longer and shorterexposure periods and the so-called time exposure for said shutter'blade,a turnable winding drum mounted co-axially with said setting knob andoperated at least during setting of said various shorter exposureperiodsby the same, a coiled spring for moving said shutter blade pastthe exposure aperture of a camera, said coiled spring being attached atits one end to said shutter blade and at its other end to said windingdrum and wound up partly upon the same when said winding member isturned by said setting knob in such a manner as to stretch said coiledspring and increase the tension of the same when said exposure periodhas to be shortened during said various shorter exposure periods,delayed action means for reducing the speed of said shutter blade whileduring said longer exposure periods the shutter aperture on said shutterblade is in register with said exposure aperture of said camera, Saiddelayed action means comprising a turnable toothed member, a supportingmember supporting -said toothed member freely turnably between two endpositions, spring means urging said toothed member into one of said endpositions, a braking mechanism adapted to engage the teeth of thetoothed member and to limit the speed of turning of the latter, meansoperatively connecting said toothed member with said shuttei' bladewhile the same is moved by said shutter blade moving means past saidexposure aperture of said camera and said shutter aperture in saidshutter blade is in register with said exposure aperture of said camera,and means operatively connected with said turnable setting knob forturning during setting of said longer exposure periods of said shutterblade said supporting member and said toothed member carried by the sameand thereby varying the number of teeth of said toothed member engagingduring turning of the same said braking mechanism and varying alsosimultaneously the time of speed limitation of said toothed member, thusenabling variation of the length of time of speed reduction of saidtoothed member and of said shutter blade operatively connected With saidtoothed member during said longer exposure periods of said shutterblade, movable blocking means adaptedto be moved into the path of saidshutter blade so as to hold the same in operative position with saidshutter aperture in register with said exposure aperture of said camera,and means operatively connecting said setting knob with said movableblocking means so that said setting knob moves said movable blockingmeans into operative position in the path of said shutter blade whensaid setting knob is in time exposure setting position.

10. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism, a shutter blade, a manuallyturnable setting knob for setting the various longer and shorterexposure periods and the so-called time exposure for said shutter blade,a turnable winding drum mountedco-axially with said setting knob andoperated at least during setting of said various shorter 4exposureperiods by the same, a coiled spring for moving said shutter blade pastthe exposure aperture of a camera, said coiled spring being attached atits one end to said shutter blade and atits other end to said windingdrum and wound up partly upon the same when said winding member isturned by said setting knob in such a manner as to stretch said coiledspring and increase the tension of the same when said exposure periodhas to be shortened during said various shorter exposure periods,delayed action means for reducing the speed of said shutter blade whileduring said longer exposure periods the shutter aperture on said shutterblade is in register with said exposure aperture of said camera, saiddelayed action means comprising a turnable toothed member, a supportingmember supporting said toothed member freely turnably between two endpositions, spring means urging said toothed'member into one of said endpositions, a braking mechanism adapted to engage the teeth of thetoothed member and to limit the 'speed of turning of the latter, meansoperatively connecting said toothed `memberl with rsaid shutter bladewhile the same is moved by said shutter blade moving means past saidexposure aperture of said camera and said shutter aperture in saidshutter blade is in register with ysaid exposure aperture of saidcamera, and means operatively connected with said turnable setting knobfor turning during setting of said longer exposure periods of saidshutter blade said supporting member and said toothed member carried bythe same and thereby varying the number of teeth of said toothed memberengaging during turning of the same said braking mechanismand varyingalso simultaneously the time of speed limitation of said toothed member,thus enabling variation of the member and of said shutter bladeoperatively connected with said toothed member during said longerexposure periods of said shutter blade,y

movable blocking means adapted to be moved into the path of saidlshutter blade so as to hold the same in operative position with saidshutter aperture in register with said exposure aperture of said camera,means operatively connecting said setting knob with said movableblocking means so that said setting knob moves said movable blockingmeans into operative position in the path of said shutter blade whensaid setting knob is in time exposure setting position, means forreleasing said shutter blade for operative exposing movement past saidexposure aperture of said camera, and means operatively connected `withsaid releasing means for noving said blocking means when the same havebeen moved by said setting knob into operative position in the said pathof said shutter blade movable supporting member so that said settingmember moves said supporting member together out of this path of saidshutter blade after the latter-has been held by said blocking means forthe desired length of exposure time in operative position with saidshutter aperture in register with said exposure aperture.

1l. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism of the type described, ashutter blade, a manually operable setting member for setting thevarious longer and shorter exposure periods and the Iso-called timeexposure for said shutter blade, a turnable winding member operated atleast during setting of said various shorter exposure periods by saidsetting member, a coiled spring for moving said shutter blade past theexposure aperture of a camera, said coiled spring being attached at itsone end to said shutter blade and at its other end to said windingmember and Wound up partly upon the same when said winding member isturned by said setting member in such a manner as to stretch said coiledspring at least during said various shorter exposure periods bystretching the same when said exposure period has to be shortened,delayed action means for reducing the speed of said shutter blade whilethe shutter aperture in said shutter blade is in register with saidexposure aperture of said camera, said delayed action means comprising aturnable toothed member, a braking mechanism adapted to engage the teethof said toothed member and to limit the speed of turning of the-latter',means operatively connecting said toothed member with said shutter bladeWhile the same is moved by said coiled spring past said exposureaperture of said camera and said shutter aperture in said shutter bladeis in register with said exposure aperture, and means operated by saidsetting member for turning said toothed member during setting of saidvarious longer exposure periods and thereby varying the num-ber of teethof said toothed member engaging during turning of the same said brakingmechanism and varying also simultaneously the time of speed limitationof said toothed member, thus enabling variation of the length of time ofspeed reduction of said toothed member and of said shutter bladeoperatively connected with said toothed member during said variouslonger exposure periods of said shutter blade, blocking means adapted tobe moved into the path of said shutter blade so as to hold the same inoperative position with said shutter aperture in register with saidexposure aperture of said camera, a supporting member carryingsaid'blocking means and movably secured to said camera, and meansoperwith said blocking means into operative position in the path of saidshutter blade when said setting member is in time exposure settingposition.

l2. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism of the type described, ashutter blade, a manually operable setting member for setting thevarious longer and shorter exposure periods and the socalled timeexposure for said shutter blade, a turnable winding member operated atleast during setting of said various shorter exposure periods by saidsetting member, a coiled spring for moving said shutter blade past theexposure aperture of a camera, said coiled spring being attached at itsone end to said shutter blade and at its other end to said windingmember and wound up partly upon the same when said winding member isturned by said setting member in such a manner as to stretch said coiledspring at least during said Various shorter exposure periodsv bystretching the same when said exposure period has to be shortened,delayed action means for reducing hthe speed of said shutter blade whilethe shutter aperture in said shutter blade is in register with saidexposure aperture of said camera, said delayed action means comprising aturnable toothed member, a braking mechanism adapted to engage the teethof said toothed member and to limit the speed of turning of the latter,means operatively connecting said toothed member with said shutter bladewhile the same is moved by said coiled spring past said exposureaperture of said camera and said shutter aperture in said shutter bladeis in register with said exposure aperture, and means operated by saidsetting member for turning said toothed member during setting of saidvarious longer exposure periods and thereby varying the number of teethof said toothed member engaging during turning of the same said brakingmechanism and varying also simultaneously the time of speed limitationof said toothed member, thus' enabling variation of the length of timeof speed reduction of said toothed'member and of said shutter bladeoperatively connected with said toothed member during said variouslonger exposure periods of said shutter blade, blocking means adapted tobe moved into the path of said shutter blade so as to hold the same inoperative position with said shutter aperture in register with saidexposure aperture of said camera, a supporting member carrying saidblocking means and movably secured to said camera, means operativelyconnecting said setting member with said movable supporting member sothat said setting member moves said supporting member together with saidblocking means into operative position in `the path of said shutterblade when said setting member is in time exposure setting position,means for,V releasing said shutter blade for operative exposing movementpast said exposure aperture of said camera, and means operativelyconnected with said releasing means for moving said blocking meansmovably carried by said tive position with said shutter aperture inregister with said exposure aperture.

13. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism, a shutter blade, a manuallyturnable setting knob `forsetting thevarious longer and shorter exposuretimes for said shutter blade, aturnable.

winding drum secured co-axially to said setting knob and operated by thesame, a coiled spring for moving said shutter blade past the exposure.moved by said coiled spring past said exposure aperture, means forvarying the delaying action of said delayed action means as necessaryfor obtaining the required longer exposure time, means for cooperativelyconnecting said means for varying the delaying action with said settingknob so as to enable operation of said varying means and said delayedaction means influenced by the latter in such a manneras to obtainduring said longer exposure times the required speed reducing action ofsaid delayed action means, movable blocking means adapted to be movedinto the path of said shutter blade so as to hold the same in operativeposition with said shutter aperture in register with said exposureaperture of said camera, and means operatively connecting said settingknob with said movable blocking means so that Said setting knob movessaid movable blocking means into operative position in the path of saidshutter blade when said setting knob is in time exposure settingposition.

14. In a shutter blade actuating mechanism,

a shutter blade, a manually turnable setting knob for setting thevarious longer and shorter exsaid exposure aperture.

aperture of a camera, said coiled spring being attached at its one endto said shutter blade and at its other end to said winding drum andwound up partly upon the same when said winding member is turned by saidsetting knob in such a manner as to stretch said coiled spring andincrease the tension of the same when said exposure time has to beshortened, delayed action means for reducing during said longer exposuretimes the speed of said shutter blade while the same is moved by saidcoiled spring past said exposure aperture, means for varying thedelaying action of said de` layed action means as necessary forobtaining the required longer exposure time, lmeans for cooperativelyconnecting said means for `varying the delaying action with said settingknob so as to enable operation of said varying means and said` delayedaction means iniluenced by the latter in such a manner as to obtainduring said longer exposure times the required speed reducing action ofsaid delayed action means, movable blocking means adapted to be movedinto the path of said shutter blade so as to hold the same in operativemoving said blocking means when the same have been moved by said settingknob into operative position in the said path of said shutter blade outoi this path of said shutter blade after the latter has been held bysaid blocking means for the desired length of exposure time' inoperative position with said shutter aperturelin registerv with JACQUESBOLSEY.

